Designing a Training Framework for Filipino Teachers Using Communicative Language Teaching Activities in Teaching Oral Conversation Fluency to EFL Chinese Adult Students

Abstract

The online language education market in the Philippines has experienced significant growth, leading to an increased demand for qualified online English teachers. This study aimed to investigate the training needs of online English teachers in the country and develop an effective training program. A sequential explanatory research design was employed, involving 15 teachers who participated in a survey and seven of them who were interviewed. Data collection included web-based surveys and interviews, analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative techniques. The findings informed the development of a training program guided by instructional design models. The study addressed research questions related to TPACK levels, demographic variables, preferred pedagogical practices, and training content recommendations.

Results showed that most participants believed they had excellent TPACK skills, with Pedagogical Knowledge (PK) receiving the highest rating and Technological Knowledge (TK) the lowest. Educational attainment did not significantly affect TPACK levels, but education degree holders and experienced teachers generally had higher TPACK scores. Younger age groups and confident explorers of technology excelled in TPACK categories. Across all demographic factors, Technological Knowledge (TK) emerges as the most crucial area for all teachers. Teaching experience, personal characteristics, and professional development were identified as key factors in effective teaching.

The study also revealed insights into the Community of Inquiry (CoI) framework, with participants valuing direct instruction, feedback, affective expression, and open communication. While triggering events and exploration activities were effective for cognitive presence, reflection and resolution activities could be improved. The findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the training of online English teachers in the Philippines, ensuring they meet international standards and deliver effective instruction in the growing online language education market.