Nurse Characteristics, Compliance With Health Protocols, And Well-Being Of Nurses During Covid-19 Pandemic In A Selected Hospital In Saudi Arabia

Abstract

The nurse compliance with health protocols and well-being play an important role in better health outcomes for themselves, the patient, and the community. During the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, compliance with COVID-19 health protocols is the best way to combat the rapid virus transmission, to protect oneself, the patient, and the community. However, nurse good compliance cannot be assured as nurses may differ in their perspectives. Noticeably, few of the healthcare workers were fallen ill and died because of the COVID-19 virus. Their state of total well-being was affected because of exhaustion, and this resulted to reduction in the healthcare workforce. The healthcare workers' compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures was limited in the literature. There were contradicting findings and nurse state of well-being included as variables but was not dealt extensively. This study determined the nurse characteristics, compliance with health protocols, and well-being of nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic in a selected hospital in Saudi Arabia. The study was guided by the notion that nurse characteristics and work-related factors are associated with compliance COVID-19 health protocol and the well-being. This was supported by Pender’s Health Promotion Model to show the relationship of individual characteristics and experiences; behavior-specific cognition and affect and the behavioral outcome. A descriptive-correlation design was utilized. The study was conducted in one of the COVID-19 hospitals in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A complete enumeration purposive sampling was applied involving only 117 staff nurses with more than 6 months of working experience at the selected hospital. An ethics approval was granted by the King Fahad Medical City Ethics Committee. The study revealed that there is a significant relationship between nurse compliance to COVID-19 health protocol and their state of well-being (ρ = .224, p =0.01). This indicates that the nurses who have better compliance with the COVID-19 Nurse Characteristics, Compliance to Health Protocols and Well-being of Nurses… xii protocol may have a better state of well-being. Sex (p=0.01), nationality (p=0.01); knowledge (p<.00), attitude (p=0.017) and practices (p=0.001) were associated with their level of compliance with COVID-19 health protocol. In conclusion, the respondents have good knowledge and a positive attitude towards compliance with COVID-19 health protocol and state of well-being. The study supports the proposition that personal factors (Sex, Nationality), prior related behaviors (Practices), perceived competence or self-efficacy (Knowledge) is associated with commitment to a plan of action (Compliance). And the prior related behavior, self- efficacy (Attitude), commitment to a plan of action (Compliance) is associated to the health promoting behavior (Well-being of nurses).