Multisectoral Interactions in the Philippine Innovation System: A Qualitative Meta-Analysis Using the Quadruple Helix Framework

Abstract

Innovation is widely recognized as a driver of socioeconomic development, yet multisectoral interactions within the Philippine innovation ecosystem remain insufficiently understood. This study employed a qualitative meta-analysis to examine interactions among government, universities, industry, and communities through the Quadruple Helix framework. Guided by PRISMA-ScR, 31 analytical cases from the pre-policy (2013–2018) and post-policy (2020–2025) periods were synthesized to examine changes following the 2019 Philippine Innovation Act and Innovative Startup Act. The findings indicate a shift from a program-driven, semi-operational system characterized by fragmented and localized collaboration toward a more system-driven and state-centric configuration with stronger institutional coordination, governance integration, and government–university collaboration. Government and universities remained the primary institutional anchors, while industry participation was uneven and community involvement remained weakly institutionalized. Overall, the Philippine innovation ecosystem has become more institutionally coordinated, but persistent relational fragmentation and uneven multisectoral participation continue to constrain deeper ecosystem integration.