FMDS Theses and Dissertations

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Theses and dissertations by graduate students from the Faculty of Management and Development Studies.

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    Biodiversity in Puerto Princesa Subterranean River National Park: An Assessment of the Adequacy of Current Data
    ( 2005) Tabangay-Baldera, Jeanne
    This study is aimed at assessing the adequacy of available biodiversity data to support conversation efforts in Puerto Princesa Subterranean River national Park, Palawan Island, Philippines. Eleven studies which were undertaken fom 1993 to 2002 were reviewed. Systematic species inventories and baseline data generation had been the primary focus of previous works. A preliminary list of plants, mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles and some invertebrates can be obtained from these studies. However, there are large gaps of knowledge on the basic biology and ecology of many key species. Knowledge of the park's biodiversity is limited and is presently outdated. There is a critical need for a research agenda that is up-to-date, of high quality and not redundant.
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    The Effects of Sound Entertainment Therapy on the Pain Level, Anxiety Level and Sleep Pattern of Post Cesarean Birth Mothers
    ( 2005) Lansang, Jean
    Post cesarean birth pain is very common in a hospital’s obstetric unit and is usually managed by giving postpartum mothers pain medications. This study investigated a new form of independent, non-pharmacologic nursing intervention in the form of sound entrainment therapy using binaural beat technology. This can be used as an adjunct to medical management of patients. Specifically, it aimed to determine the effects of sound entertainment therapy on the pain and anxiety level as well as the sleeping pattern of post cesarean birth mothers. The investigator used a single blind true experimental design. A total of 65 subjects composed the sample with the experimental group listening to binaural beat CD for one hour while the control group was not subjected to this treatment. Independent T test was utilized to test the difference of sleep patterns between the two groups while repeated measures of ANOVA was the statistical test used for the vital signs which included blood pressure and apical heart rate. The same statistical test was used to measure the anxiety level of post cesarean birth mothers. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of vital signs and sense of relaxation and pain level. However, there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of sleep duration, level of energy and anxiety level. Based on the results of this study, sound entrainment therapy can be an effective intervention in increasing sleep duration, raising the level of energy and reducing anxiety level of post cesarean birth mothers. It is recommended that sound entertainment therapy be tried out to help other group of people who are suffering from sleep problems and anxiety like: Pregnant women who are usually stressed out during the first and third trimesters of pregnancy; Pre- and post-operative patients regardless of surgical procedures; Acutely and chronically hospitalized patients; and All types of people who are experiencing everyday stress.
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    Effectiveness of Nurse-Led Home Based Massage Therapy in Improving the Behavior of Children with Autism
    ( 2009) Malate-Floranda, Lualhati Maxima
    The Research Problem: Autism is one of the most common childhood development disorders, even more prevalent than Down Syndrome. Children with autism exhibit a wide array of symptoms and behaviors that can range from mild to severe. Autism is usually diagnosed at the age of 18 months and above, affecting males three times more than the females and it is characterized by unusual social interaction, speech and language problems, repetitive and ritualistic behaviors, sometimes self-injuring behaviors such as biting and head banging, aggressive behaviors, frequent tantrums occurring for no apparent reason, and sensory processing impairment. Sensory integration in the form of massage therapy is one of the complimentary interventions that contribute to behavior changes among children with autism and other development disorders. This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness and nurse-led home-based massage therapy utilizing the parents as therapists in improving three problems commonly associated with autism namely, self-injurious behavior, stereotypic behaviors and agitation. The objectives of this study were: 1. To determine the extent of following behaviors among children with autism before the implementation of the intervention: a. Stereotype behaviors b. Self-injurious behaviors c. Agitation 2. To determine the extent of the following behaviors among children with autism after the implementation of the intervention: a. Stereotype behaviors b. Self-injurious behaviors c. Agitation 3. To determine the difference in the behavior of the children with autism before and after the implementation of the intervention. 4. To identify the problems encountered by the caregiver in the implementation of the program. Methods: The study utilized a two-group quasi experimental research design. The subjects were selected based on the inclusion-exclusion criteria and were assigned to either the study or control group. The sample consisted of thirty children with autism ranging from 3 to 6 years of age and are currently attending a special school who were assigned to massage therapy (study group) performed by the caregiver and massage therapy performed by a professional therapist as the control group. Parents in the massage therapy group were trained by a registered nurse to massage their children for 15 minutes prior to bedtime every night for one month. Random assignment was used, and the study was conducted in two selected schools namely: Starflight Development Center for Special Children located in Rocka II Annex, Sta. Rita, Guiguinto, Bulacan and Bicol Development and Learning Center in Iriga City. SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS Respondents of this study were the caregivers of the children with autism who completed the training program. They were all mothers, educated and have learned the massage techniques taught by the nurse. There were a total of 30 subjects (15 for the study group and another 15 for the control group). The mean differences noted in the standard deviations imply that as a whole, the behavior of the children with autism had improved satisfactorily after the massage therapy. There was a significant difference in the behavior of both the control group and study group after receiving massage therapy in regard to stereotypic behavior, self-injurious behavior as well as agitation. The findings showed that massage done by parents could make a difference in the behavior of children with autism. The application of the massage therapy to autistic children gave positive results that led to the decrease in most of the behaviors manifested by children with autism. These findings are very encouraging as they indicate that, massage therapy done by caregivers who were previously trained by a nurse can minimize the manifestations of stereotypic behaviors, self-injurious behaviors and agitation in children with autism. Massage can be part of the holistic nursing intervention not only for pediatric patients in the ward but also for children with autism in the home setting. CONCLUSIONS: The findings led to the following conclusions: • Nurses are effective trainers for caregivers of children with autism, hence, nurses working in the community setting can conduct training programs on massage for caregivers of children with autism. • Home caregivers trained by a nurse to do massage can be effective therapists of their child with autism. • Massage therapy done by caregivers who were previously trained by a nurse can minimized the manifestations of stereotypic behaviors, self-injurious behaviors and agitation in children with autism. • Massage therapy implemented as home program by caregivers can affect a change in the behavior of children with autism. • The training program has effected a change on the caregivers in terms of level of understanding about autism and the importance of massage as an intervention in controlling the behaviors of their child with autism. RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the results of the study, the following recommendation are drawn: Nursing education: 1. Nursing schools should include detailed massage therapy as part of nursing skills so that the students will gain competence in massage therapy, that they may be able to rain more parents of children with autism during their stint in the community. 2. Massage therapy be part of nursing intervention in the car of children with autism in the home or hospital setting. Future trainings: 1. Future massage training in the community must also include the other members of the family utilizing the same massage therapy program used in this study. Future studies: 1. Future researchers can look into the effectiveness as well of the other members of the household (siblings, yayas, and grandparents) as therapist of the child with autism. 2. Future researches can look into the effectiveness of this therapy for similar symptoms in conditions other than autism.
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    Understanding Pregnancy and Childbirth Experiences Among Adolescents in Baguio City
    ( 2010) Malingta, Teresita Opate
    Objective: To understand the lived experience of adolescent mothers with regard to their pregnancy and childbirth. Study design and methods: Phenomenological study of 7 adolescent mothers. Results: Themes that emerged from the conversation with the mothers were (a) finding encouragement, (b) the downside of my childbirth experience, (c) point of no return, and (d) hope for the time to come. The participants found encouragement from their child from their immediate family, from the father of their baby for the married and those who are in committed relationship, from life’s changes and from themselves. The negative aspect of their childbirth experience includes having to stop their studies, strained relationship with their own fathers and the father of the child for the three single adolescent mothers. Difficulties arise from burden of childcare, childcare during illness, breastfeeding and financial dependency. Loss of my youth where the participants were into maturity as they perform adult roles and feeling sort were the other categories under the theme downside of my experience. A recollection of the past is described in the theme point of no return. Family problems, bad influence and wrong choices were the precursors to unintended pregnancy. Fears of the consequences of pregnancy and thoughts of abortion demonstrated that the pregnancies were unintended. Emotions felt during labor and delivery were pain, fear, loss of patience and relief. The health workers comments, instructions and actions made an impact on the labor and delivery experiences of the adolescent mothers. The theme hopes for the time that is to achieve all that they hope for their child and their own selves. Clinical implications: Medical and nursing interventions should address all section in the framework. Interventions to prevent adolescent pregnancy should be of utmost importance. However, when pregnancy occurs the adolescent should be helped from pregnancy onwards. Need of support person, efforts to lessen the pain and attempts to address the fears of the adolescent during labor and delivery can greatly improve her childbirth experience. Adolescent mothers can benefit from the services rendered by health workers when they display a more caring attitude that includes providing nonjudgmental care despite the adolescent’s lifestyle choices, being available and maintaining a presence for constant support and allowing the adolescent to be part of the decision-making process when possible.
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    Nurse-Managed Supportive Cancer Care and Psychosocial Adaptation Among Patients with Breast Cancer
    ( 2011) San Juan-Gaspar, Charity Leene
    This study sought to develop a nurse-managed supportive cancer care intervention focusing on the informational, psycho-emotional and social support needs of patients with breast cancer and determined its effects on their psychosocial adaptation. This study employed a quasi-experimental study and utilized a pre-test post-test design to examine the effects of the nurse-managed interventions. The study was conducted in a small support group facility based in Davao City. Philippines. The sample was comprised of filly (SO) patients purposively recruited. The researcher utilized a survey questionnaire to gather information about the demographic profile, disease-related characteristics and psychosocial adaptation of these patients. The measurement of psychosocial adaptation was based on the standard tool Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale - Self Report (PATS-SR), a structured and validated survey questionnaire to measure the study participants' level of psychosocial adaptation. Results indicated that there were psychosocial adaptation differences (p>0.05) among breast cancer patients before and after the nurse-managed interventions. Chief differences were noted on the following six domains: health care orientation, vocational environment, domestic environment. extended family relationships, social environment and psychological distress. However, results indicated that there was no psychosocial adaptation difference in the domain of sexual relationships. Comparison between Study and control group after nurse-managed difference (p>0.05) on the level of psychosocial adaptation between two groups on the following psychosocial domains: health care orientation. vocation environment, domestic environment and psychological distress. On the other hand, no significant differences were obtained for three domains. sexual relationship, extended family relationship and social environment. There was no existing significant difference fP,0.051 among patients between study group and control group when analyzed by their age, civil status, income, educational attainment, disease phase and type of treatment. Therefore, it was found that both the study and control groups were statistically comparable. During the counselling sessions, a dominant theme emerged from the verbal accounts of the participants which was resentment. This was generally negative and critical attitudes to oneself, to family and to their faith. Lastly, during the group support sessions, coping functioning and understanding among patients and their families apparently was not obtained. Thus, family dynamics and support relationships should be incorporated to enhance coping in these areas. Moreover, the researcher of this study, has found that the participants when reporting accounts of their cancer experience during the counselling and group support sessions, were less more concealing and were more direct into answering questions. The researcher understood that the resentment stemmed from how cancer evolved as a disease process. Although etiology and duration of illness is a long term process, the diagnosis and the impact of the illness to them was sudden and unexpected. Recommendations were made after the relevant findings of this study.
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    A Culturally-Congruent Sexuality Education Content for Adolescents in Legazpi City
    ( 2012) Mirandilla, Ma. Elma L.
    This study generated age-appropriate, culturally congruent sexuality education content for adolescents 10-18 years old. It identified topics for each key concept designed for age categories: 10-12, 13-15 and 16-18 years old. The proposed sexuality education content was based on the consensus among teachers through three rounds of Delphi Technique using UNESCO’s International Technical Guidance on Sexuality Education. The consensus on key ideas and topics was supported by significant perceptions of local experts gathered through one-on-one interviews. The research was conducted in Legazpi City. All six key concepts and topics of the Technical Guidance were found acceptable across all age categories except for several key ideas. The key concepts include: Relationships; Values, Attitudes and Skills; Culture, Society and Human Rights; Human Development; Sexual Behavior; and Sexual and Reproductive Health. Probable reasons for excluding some key ideas under various key concepts may be ascribed to the attitudes of adults specifically, prohibitive silence and adultism. Teachers and key informants in this study believed that children were too young to understand and that providing them information will provoke curiosity and entice them to engage in sexual activity. Pursuing a culturally-sound and age-appropriate sexuality education content is indispensable at this time of globalization when adolescents are drawn close to reproductive health risks primarily due to their lack of information on their sexuality. Thus, an appropriate and comprehensive sexuality education program is a significant preventive strategy.
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    Educational – Spiritual Care Intervention (ESCI) and Self Care of Community Dwelling Senior Citizens with Type 2 DM
    ( 2013) Rodulfa, Ester R.
    The purpose of this study is to generate knowledge on how educational-spiritual care intervention (ESCI) affect diabetes self-care activities of community dwelling senior citizens with type 2 diabetes, and to gain insight on the qualities of the intervention that lead to treatment satisfaction. The study utilized a quasi-experimental one group pretest posttest design for the quantitative part and focus group discussion of the qualitative part. It was participated by 33 senior citizens with type 2 diabetes who were seeking consultation at a primary health care center. Findings suggest that after the intervention, significant improvement in self-care activities and spiritual health of senior citizens were observed. Finding further suggests variables such as family support. Having concordant, comorbidities. The number of years diagnosed with diabetes, however, was not associated with any self-care activity. The participants described the qualities of the intervention that gave them treatment satisfaction in themes as being humane, being accessible, being educational, effective, and on that provides social connectedness. Diabetes knowledge and spiritual health leads to improvement in self-care practices. Family support that allows seniors to shift role from caregiver to care receiver enhances self-care. Increased clinic visits enable physicians to prescribe blood glucose monitoring and therefore increase the practice of this self-care activity. Comorbidities that are concordant with diabetes have similar diet regimen can increase the chances of practicing this self-care activity. It is not the number of years of diagnosis that affect the practice of self-care, but the type of symptoms felt. When symptoms are uncomfortable, patients are more likely to practice self-care. Analysis revealed that the qualities of the intervention that result to treatment satisfaction are mostly influenced by good nurse-patient interaction since it is the factor that establishes the kind and the manner of how care is delivered. Educational-spiritual care intervention (ESCI) therefore provides a holistic nursing care which improves the practice of diabetes self-care activities, spiritual health and treatment satisfaction of community dwelling senior citizens with type 2 diabetes.
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    Effects of Newborn Care Health Education Program to the Maternal Role Competence of Filipino First Time Mothers
    ( 2013) Rodriguez, Ma. Antoniette D.
    Background: Most women look forward to their new role as mother, despite knowing that it will change their lives dramatically. Successful adjustment leads to satisfaction in the mothering role that can be expressed through self-confidence, self-esteem, competence and mastery of their new role that can be expresses through self-confidence, self-esteem, competence and mastery of their new role. The benefits of a Newborn Care Health Education Program for first time mothers on the maternal role competence have implication for a further development and advancement to minimize the risk of Neonatal morbidity and mortality. Low-cost, effective newborn health interventions can save millions of lives. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of a structured Newborn Care Health Education Program on the Maternal Role Competency of Filipino time mothers in terms of their efficacy and satisfaction. Design: A pretest – posttest, control group quasi experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted in the national tertiary maternity hospital in Metro Manila. Participants: A sample of 243 Filipino first time mothers on their 32 to 36 weeks AOG was gathered from July 2012 to January 2013. Purposing sampling was done. Inclusion criteria were primiparous women who are caring for the newborn child for the first time. They may also be women who have given birth to stillborn children and had miscarriage in their first pregnancy. Methods: The intervention was a complete and structure Newborn Health Education Program for Filipino First time Mothers. The study group (n=128) received the NCHEP while the comparison group (n=115) received the routine childbirth education. Outcomes were measured by the Parenting Sens of Competency Scale tool pre- and post-test. Results: Filipino first-time mothers who receive the NCHEP have low efficacy compared to the high efficacy of the comparison group in the pretest but both study and comparison group have high satisfaction in the pretest. However, both groups have low satisfaction in the post test. There is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the study group according to their efficacy while there is a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest of the study group according to their satisfaction. There is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the study group according to their efficacy the while there is a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest according to their satisfaction. There is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest of the study group according to their efficacy and there is a significant difference between the pretest and the posttest of the comparison group according to their satisfaction. There is no significant difference between the posttest of both groups according to their efficacy. There is no significant difference between the posttest of both groups according to their satisfaction.
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    Lived Experiences of Women Who Had Induced Abortion
    ( 2013) Galang, Geraldine Rowena S.
    Induced abortion, the intentional termination of pregnancy, is a practice that is considered immoral and illegal in most countries, including the Philippines. Because of this situation, many Filipino women commit induced abortion clandestinely. This action, however, may present a grave threat to the life of a woman., both physically and emotionally. This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted to describe the lived experiences of women who had induced abortion. It explored the reasons, means, and effects of committing induced abortion among Filipino women in general. The Van Manen phenomenological approach was utilized in this study by focusing on description of what women experience and how they experience what they experienced. These characteristics are necessary in creating a phenomenological text that involves explorations into the lived experiences of women who had induced abortion. Eight participants, identified through purposive sampling technique, were engaged in an in-depth conversation with the investigator through a semi-structured focused interview. To analyzed data, a research process developed by Colaizzi was utilized to describe the phenomenon. Five common themes emerged from the rich descriptive data: 1) Easy Way Out – identified the reasons why the women resorted to induced abortion; 2) All Choice I Can Take – explored the means resorted to by the women in order to have an induced abortion; 3) Burden Of My Body – tacked the physical effects experienced by the women after having induced abortion; 4) Living With My Conscience – focused on the psychological effects experienced by women after having induced abortion; and, 5) Moving On – describe how the women adapted to life changes after the induce abortion. The study showed that women sought abortion for complex reasons, making them willing to undergo almost any method to get rid of the unwanted pregnancy. To counter the risk, the last part of the study offered conclusions and recommendations for the Philippine government and other key stakeholders to consider, as well as aid health care providers come up with guidelines on how to identify pregnant women who are most likely to opt for abortion, help the women avoid its adverse health consequences, and improve the over-all holistic care given to women who did commit induce abortion.
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    Factors Affecting Compliance of Nurses to FUTURE Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Bundle of Care
    ( 2014) Morales, Paolo Antonio M.
    This research study sought to determine the compliance of nurses in the adult ICUs to the FUTURE VAP bundle of care. This study employed a quantitative, descriptive, correlational study. The study was conducted in the medical-surgical intensive care unit and cardiovascular-neurological intensive care unit of Asian Hospital and Medical Center. The sample was comprised of all the 26 adult intensive care unit nurses employed in the said units. The researcher developed an observational checklist which was patterned from the checklist provided by Patient Safety First (2008) and a 34-item questionnaire to measure the respondents’ perception of factors affecting the compliance and their knowledge on the FUTURE VAP bundle of care. Results indicated that the compliance to the FUTURE VAP bundle of care is high. Significant factors affecting compliance to FUTURE VAP bundle of care include level of experience and perceived barriers to FUTURE VAP bundle of care. Experience gained over time contributes to increased compliance. The higher the perceived barriers the FUTURE VAP bundle of care, the lower the compliance to the FUTURE VAP bundle of care. No significant relationships were found between compliance and the following factors: knowledge of FUTURE VAP bundle of care, perceive self-efficacy on FUTURE VAP bundle of care, perceived outcome expectance on FUTURE VAP bundle of care and perceived facilitators to FUTURE VAP bundle of care. Review of supporting literature on these findings point out that behavior change is needed for the desired behavior, which is compliance, to be translated into practice. The does must be motivated toward behavior change for them to act out the standards of practice.
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    Anxiety, Depression and Coping Strategies Among Adult Post Myocardial Infarction Patients
    ( 2014) Tamon, Ma. Siony B.
    This study was conducted to determine the level of anxiety and depression in patients with cardiovascular problems. This study was conducted (1) to determine the level of anxiety and depression in patients with myocardial infarction (2) to determine relationship of anxiety on age, sex, gender, civil status, educational attainment and perceived social support (3) to determine relationship of depression on age, gender, civil status, educational attainment and perceived social support and (4) to determine the coping strategies information seeking or problem seeking among cardiac patients. This study utilized a descriptive correlational design. This was conducted at the Out Patient Department (OPD) of Philippine General Hospital over a 12 week or 3 month period. There was a total of 121 respondents (M= 51.02, SD= 8.52) for this study. Majority is from age groups of middle to late adult (35.5, 34.7). Both males and females have the same proportion (49.6, 50.4) and married predominated (80, 60.1) in this study. Less than a half (57, 47.1) were high school graduates. The perceived social support has a mean of 66.55 (SD= 3.43). The findings of this study showed that there is no significant relationship between anxiety on the following variables: age (r= - -0.10, p>.05 and perceived social support (MSS) (r= o.16, p>.05), civil status (x2=2.44,p>.05), educational attainment ((x2=1.65,p>.05) and perceived social support (r= 0.16, p>.05). Patients commonly incorporate venting of feelings and denial as their coping strategies. Adult post myocardial infarction patients had high level of anxiety which corresponded to previous literatures but the depression level was low among patients.
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    Effects of Use of Kolkolis Foort Stick Massage on Physiologic Responses among Adults with Primary Hypertension from Ethnic Groups of LaTrinidad Benguet
    ( 2014-07-15) Bacani, Elaine L.
    Complementary and alternative medicine is gradually gaining entry to the field of nursing in terms of provision of holistic patient care. It refers to methods, products or health practices being applied in combination or singly to maintain wellness and even treat illnesses. In the Philippines, a variety of alternative medicine exists since the locals are of different descents and ethnicity. This applies to the different cultural practices and norms being observed. Such practice is the Kolkolis foot stick Massage in Benguet, a province in Northern Luzon. People who have experienced it claimed to have been relaxed, had reduction of pain and better sleep. The interest in studying this practice came about not only because of its possible contribution as nursing non-pharmacologic intervention, but more so because of the preservation of culture encompassing it and its acceptability in a local community. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Kolkolis on the physiologic responses (blood pressure, heart rate, hours of sleep) of selected patients with primary hypertension in Benguet. This study utilized a pretest-posttest, one group design and was done at a barangay health unit in La Trinidad, Benguet. All of the patients (n=63) who participated in this study were selectively chosen based on exclusion/inclusion criteria. The study participants received the usual nursing care and the intervention for two consecutive days. The group was monitored for blood pressure, heart rate, and hours of sleep using tools that were pilot tested and shown to have a fairly high degree of reliability. Expertise of the nurse in doing the procedure was ensured by undergoing training from the experts of Kolkolis massage in the province. The Ethics Review Board, UPOU granted approval for the thesis. The office of the National Commission for Indigenous People (NCIP) and the local government units were consulted, and approval was given. The results showed most of the participants were females, married, with the mean age of 54 years, and mostly belonging to the Kanka ey tribe. Participants were reported to have had their hypertension diagnosed within 2-5 years. Findings showed that there was significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressures after the procedure. Heart rate was significantly decreased, and sleep hours had improved. The responses were observed to be of short-term duration. The participants expressed the relaxing effects and good feeling given by the Kolkolis massage. Since this study provided an avenue as a strategy on health promotion for primary hypertension, recommendation is made to support the practice of Kolkolis massage by the local government units. Nursing guidelines can be developed for community health. The intervention is acceptable, affordable and culturally congruent. Further research on this intervention is recommended.
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    Critical Care Family Informational Support and Stress Level among ICU Patients' Family Members
    ( 2014-08-14) Balante, Jay M.
    This study was conducted to determine the effects of the critical care family informational support (CCFIS) in the critical care unit to the family members’ level of stress. Specifically, this study was conducted (1) To determine the difference in the level of stress of the family members before and after the intervention in terms of dissociation symptoms and clustered symptoms; (2) To determine the difference in the level of stress of the family members between the experimental group and comparison group in terms of dissociation symptoms and clustered symptoms; (3) To determine the relationship between the level of stress and the following variables: gender, age, relationship to the patient, and educational attainment. This study utilized the non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design, which involved an experimental treatment and two groups of subjects observed before and after its implementation. The control group received the typical hospital routine while the experimental group received the CCFIS, a 2-phase intervention directed to provide basic and essential information about the intensive care unit to the family members of ICU patients. There were 25 respondents for the control group and 30 for the experimental group. Results showed that there was a significant difference in the level of stress between pre-test and post-test on dissociation symptoms (p=0.00) after the CCFIS was done to the study group. There was no significant difference between pre-test and post-test in the comparison group in both the dissociative symptoms and clustered symptoms. CCFIS was effective in decreasing the level of stress particularly in terms of the dissociation symptoms. The intervention played an important role in meeting the informational needs of the family members, allowing them to re-process the stressful situation of having a patient in critical care, thereby promoted coping and decreased level of stress.
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    Understanding the Concept and Meaning of Hope and the Spiritual Wellbeing of Filipino Caregivers of Terminally- Ill Cancer Patients
    ( 2016) Concepcion, Zenaida H.
    Cancer is experienced not only by the patient, but also by their loved ones. Caregivers have the very important role in the care of terminally ill cancer patients. This study aimed to understand the concept and meaning of hope and the spiritual wellbeing of Filipino caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients. This study aimed to understand the concept and meaning of hope and the spiritual wellbeing of Filipino caregivers with factors based on patient and caregiver characteristics. It also explored the personal experience and thoughts of Filipino caregivers on hope and spiritual wellbeing in caring for terminally ill cancer patients. The study utilized descriptive correlation design. One caregiver per patient was surveyed through purposive sampling (n=50). Patient characteristics were mean age of 51 years old, mostly female diagnosed with breast cancer and receiving chemotherapy, suffering from symptoms such as pain, lack of appetite, fatigue and bowel problems. Caregiver characteristics were: mean age of 44 years old, mostly females, married, and Roman Catholic, half were high school graduates, approximately 25% were spoused of patients, with average caregiving duration of 21.4 months, an average of 18.36 hours of caregiving in a day, self-efficacy score of 3.29 and social support at 1.72. Hope score of Filipino caregivers was moderately high at 3.24 out of 4.0 with highest scores in the following responses: (1) life has value and worth; (2) that faith gives comfort; (3) have positive outlook toward life; and (4) able to give and receive caring/love. On spiritual wellbeing, the mean score is 3.24, with highest scores in the following: (1) have reason for living; (2) life (does not) lack meaning and purpose; (3) patient’s illness strengthened their faith or spiritual beliefs; (4) find strength in my faith or spiritual beliefs; and (5) life has been productive. Patient’s age was moderately correlated with caregiver’s hope (r=0.30) and was shown to be significant p=0.03). Caregiver’s educational attainment was significantly associated with both hope (p<0.01) and spiritual wellbeing (p<0.01). Caregiver’s self-efficacy was moderately correlated with spiritual wellbeing (r=0.46) and statistically significant (p<0.01). caregivers’ most frequent response on their hope was for their patients to get well and recover from their illness; to have strong spiritual faith and be healed with God’s help; to be hopeful and positive; hope for longer life; resumption of family relations and free of pain and other discomforts. Caregivers thoughts on how to manage if their hopes do not happen were: (1) keeping faith, (2) enduring suffering and praying, (3) continuing the journey, (4) being uncertain, scared and having difficulty, and (5) being positive. Caregivers’ thoughts on spiritual wellbeing were to have: (1) stronger faith, (2) being prayerful, and (3) being positive. Caregivers experience spiritual wellbeing by boosting self-esteem, easing worried, giving hope, giving knowledge and wisdom, and providing happiness for the patient. Regarding their spiritual practices, they pray often, sing songs of praise, attend Holy Mass and Novena, and ask God to ease suffering and to prolong life. Spiritual wellbeing is finding meaning, purpose and value in life, often relating to God. Maintaining an optimistic perspective remains the most common spiritual interest for both the family caregivers and terminally ill patients. Having hope and faith that their patient gets well and generally keeping a positive outlook is an important matter for both caregivers and the patient.
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    Orem’s Self-Care Strategies (OSS) on Self-care Agency among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
    ( 2016) Magtalas, John Paul B.
    Individual self-care agency is essential in the early diagnosis of a known lifestyle disease. The study implemented “Orem’s Self-Care Strategies (OSS)” on self-care agency among patients with coronary artery disease and determined the participants’ basic conditioning factors namely – socio-demographic variables and CAD illness perception. The research study illustrated a 2-week quasi-experimental research design specifically, non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design to evaluate Orem’s self-care strategies on self-care agency among patients diagnosed with coronary artery disease not more than 6 months from the time of study. The study revealed that there is no significant difference when control group and intervention group are clustered according to age, gender, educational attainment, employment status, income classification and overall illness perception. Based on the results of the study, Orem’s self-care strategies (OSS) in the form of nurse-led healthy diary and SMS technology did not significantly influence the CAD patients’ level of self-care agency after two weeks of OSS intervention (p=>0.05). The CAD illness perception subscale 2 (timeline of illness) and subscale 7 (illness coherence) have significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores (p=<0.05). However, there is no significant difference in the overall illness perception post intervention (p=>0.05).
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    Pre-Operated Instructional Guide and Anxiety Level among Cardiac Surgery Patients
    ( 2016) Maralit, Jennifer D.
    This study, utilizing a quantitative research design, aimed to determine the effects of pre-operative instructional material to the anxiety levels of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The study population was comprised of 40 consecutive patients admitted for elective CABG or valve surgery at the Cardiology Department of Sheikh Khalifa Medical City between November 2015 and December 2015. There was no eligibility restriction in terms of age, gender, or cardiac condition and no classification of on- and off-pump procedures. The first 20 consecutive patients were considered as the control group and second 20 patients are considered as the experimental group. The level of anxiety was measured using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (STAI) along with the demographic data of the subjects. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS after encoding the data findings. The results of the study revealed that there is a significant difference in level of anxiety before and after intervention measured using both State Anxiety Scale (p=.000) and Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale (p=.007) among participants of experimental group. It was also noted that there was no significant difference between the anxiety levels of the two groups in terms of the socio-demographic variables.
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    Roy’s Adaptation Model Derived Step-Down Protocol (RAMSP) and Relocation Stress Syndrome among ICU Patients
    ( 2016) Pangda, Andres
    Relocation stress syndrome (RSS) has been common to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients who were for transfer to a regular room. They experience anxiety, depression and loneliness at some point. This study examined the effectiveness of Roy’s Adaptation Model Step-down Protocol (RAMSP) in alleviating RSS. The protocol was composed of evidenced-based interventions that prevent the known problem. ICU patients (n=62) were tested having one hospital as the study group, where RAMSP was introduced, and the other hospital with its generic protocol as a control group. Results have shown that significant difference was noted on the pre-test and post-test upon the introduction of the said protocol with a p value of 0.001 for anxiety, 0.002 for depression, and 0.002 for loneliness. The study found out that RAMSP has been successful in decreasing the levels of anxiety depression, and loneliness as compared to a generic transfer protocol. However, anxiety was considered to give more impact to relocation stress syndrome which calls for more an immediate effort to suppress it.
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    Effects of Wellness Program on the Biophysiologic Measures, Wellbeing and Happiness of Employees in the Workplace
    ( 2016) Santos, Nica-Ann G.
    This study aimed to determine the effect of a wellness program on the biophysiologic measures (weight, blood pressure, pulse pressure, and heart rate) wellbeing (health and functioning, social and economic, psychological and spiritual subscales), and happiness of the employees in their workplace. There were 56 participants, 5 of which are dropouts, who underwent a 6-week wellness program- thrice a week, 2 hours per session, at the chosen setting, a medium-sized enterprise engage in wholesale and retail trade industry (hardware) in General Santos City. The wellness program was focused on the areas of Nutrition, Physical Fitness, Smoking Cessation, and Stress Management delivered through modalities of health education and physical activity intervention. The variables measured were observed at several points in time- at the baseline (1st week), after the intervention (6th week), on the 7th week, and on the 8th week. The findings of the study show that the wellness program was effective in managing weight and heart rate, but not with the blood pressure and pulse pressure as compared to the baseline biophysiologic measurements. Furthermore, findings reveal that the wellness program had significant effects to the wellbeing of the respondents: health and functioning, social and economic, psychological and spiritual, and the overall quality of life index. Furthermore, findings revealed that the wellness program enhanced the wellbeing and happiness of the respondents on the 7th and 8th week. The correlation between post intervention wellbeing and happiness and the biophysiologic measures taken before and after the wellness program reveal that heart rate has significant correlation with health and functioning subscale.
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    Postpartum Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Success of Mothers on Home Maternity Care (Kraamzorg) In The Hague
    ( 2016) Dieters, Maria Theresa A.
    Breastfeeding has been shown repeatedly to be the single most effective way to prevent infant death. It plays a major role in children’s health and development, and significantly benefits the health of mothers. The investigator believes that the perceptions mother have in their ability to breastfeed, or their breastfeeding self-efficacy influences their intent, continuation and success to breastfeed. Maternal breastfeeding confidence and self-efficacy is a variable that is modifiable through interventions such as education and support. This study is needed to identify the level of breastfeeding efficacy in postpartum mothers in The Hague because a strong sense of self-efficacy encourages individuals to engage themselves fully in the activity, to endure hardships and setbacks. Postpartum mothers who were on their 8-10 days home-maternity care in The Hague (Kraamzorg) were asked to fill-in a questionnaire to measure their levels of breastfeeding self-efficacy before after home maternity care and their breastfeeding success at the end of this 8-10 days period. Results indicate that postpartum level of breastfeeding self-efficacy of mothers before home maternity care is lower than after home maternity care. Furthermore, there is no significant statistical relationship as to the mother’s demographic characteristics and breastfeeding self-efficacy, except for the type of delivery. The demographic characteristics of mothers showed no significant statistical relationship with breastfeeding success of mothers in The Hague. Lastly, there is a direct correlation between the breastfeeding self-efficacy and success among postpartum mothers.
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    New Born Care Programme (Atumatu NlekotaNdi Amuru Ohuru On Perceived Maternal Competence and Satisfaction of Nigerian Mothers)
    ( 2016) Emmanuel, Blessing C.
    Newborn has various needs as frequent feeding, bathing, provision of warmth umbilical cord care, protection etc. Adequate care for them depends on the mother’s awareness, attitude and skill. Thus, maternal competence is vital. This calls for a newborn care teaching program to increase maternal competence on newborn care. This study used quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with non-equivalent control group to determine the effect of newborn care program on maternal competence and find associations between the maternal competence and selected demographic profiles among antenatal mothers. The study was conducted in the antenatal and postnatal units of General Hospital Owerri Imo State, Nigeria. A purposive non-probability sampling technique was used. 80 pregnant mother attending antenatal clinic were recruited. Inclusion criteria were pregnant mothers at 37th week till delivery, who are available during the study, willing to participate, low risk pregnancy, at least 18 years old and competent to consent. The intervention was a newborn care program that was administered using audio-visual teaching. The experimental group (n=40) received the newborn care program. The comparison group (N=40) did not receive any. Outcomes were measured with the Parenting Sense of Competence scale at baseline and post intervention at 2 days after delivery. Mothers who received newborn care program had significant improvement in the maternal competence from low (pretest) to high (posttest) in satisfaction ratings. There was a significant difference (p = 0.0397, t = -2.453) in the level of maternal competence satisfaction rating. Relationship was established (P<0.05) between the level of maternal and age (x2 = 8.95, p= 0.014) and parity (x2=6.85, p = 0.0325) only but not with education, employment and family support. The newborn care program was effective in improving the maternal competence of antenatal mothers. Mother’s age and parity were identified to influence maternal competence while education, employment and family support were not significantly related to maternal competence.