FICS Theses and Dissertations

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Theses and dissertations by graduate students from the Faculty of Information and Communication Studies.

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21st Century Philippine Hybrid Community Radio: The Case Of Radyo Kailian

( 2019-04-22) Francisco, Annabelle B.

Using case study as an approach, this work analyzed in-depth the hybridity of Radyo Kailian, a community radio station in llocos Sur, Philippines. Findings reveal that Radyo Kailian has a well-defined organizational set up which addresses the crucial interrelationships that influence the behaviour of its members. This hybrid CRS has a leader who nourishes the culture and climate within the organization through building of executive support. However, the realization of the vision for Radyo Kailian is not only the work of its top level management rather it is achieved through unitary cognizance, teamwork, and collaboration among the station personnel and community radio council officers and members. To further understand Radyo Kailian, the management require seeing the whole system through initiating research works and regular evaluations which lead them to carefully analyze existing knowledge, data, and context. The broadcasting platform of Radyo Kailian as a hybrid CRS has become more powerful in terms of building larger communities enhancing its production and improving community members' engagement and participation yet it has maintained its traditional programming and is able to preserve its program contents tailored fit to the needs of its target glocal community. As a hybrid CRS, Radyo Kailian has blended with the Internet transforming the medium into an audio-visual platform. The visual online exposure enhances the broadcasters' positive perception about themselves and the agencies they respectively represent. While the community radio has become an audio-visual platform, what differentiates it from other typical audio-visual media is the immediacy of feedback from both the broadcasters and the listeners as well. Moreover, the emancipation in the blended platform paves the way for these broadcasters to encompass the freedom to tackle topics of any kind regardless of gender specificity without experiencing social stigma. Broadcasters in the hybrid CRS particularly the male ones are not only limited to discuss masculine-related topics when they broadcast on air and online. However, the privileges they enjoy also bring consequences. Broadcasters bear with them greater responsibility not only to themselves but also to their on air and online listeners/viewers. Taking the responsibility of securing the enormous quantity of information present in the platform and being able to filter this information and identify what is genuine and valuable for their listeners/viewers are vital survival skills of broadcasters in the hybrid CRS. Furthermore, the visibility in the online environment also threatens their privacy and security. Hence, they self-regulate and manualy filter the influx of information. The liquidity of information in the world wide web and the absence of concrete laws to protect them remain potential threats to the optimal use of the online platform in Radyo Kailian.
A Communication Analysis of Climate Change Knowledge Gaps Between Uplands and Lowlands Farmers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Validation of the Knowledge Gap Theory

( 2018) Irabagon, Maria Loida D.

This study primarily aims to determine the knowledge level of 120 upland rice farmers and lowland rice farmers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines on climate change, with the hope of validating the Knowledge Gap Theory by Tichenor, Donohue, and Olien. In validating the said theory, the study looked into the relationship of the respondents' socio-economic status with their knowledge level on climate change as hypothesized in the theory. It also aims to recommend policies on disseminating climate change knowledge and information particularly at the local level. The study used the snowball sampling technique and the data were gathered using quantitative and qualitative methods. The T-test analysis and Pearson Correlation Analysis was used to determine the knowledge level of the respondents and to test the relationship of the variables. The results show that the respondents from the upland and the lowland were knowledgeable about climate change, its causes, effects, and impacts as well as to the climate change programs of the government. The respondents, however, were Only slightly knowledgeable on the technical aspects of climate change. Most of them were also not familiar with some of the recommended adaptation technologies as those technologies were not introduced to them. Additionally, the results of the key informant interviews revealed that the local government unit of Carranglan„ Palayan City, and San Isidro, Nueva Ecija were active in disseminating climate change knowledge and information and adaptation technologies. They did this through the conduct of different activities such as seminars, Farmers Field School, and Lakbay-Aral. Of the four local government units (LGUs), Guimba had the least number of activities on agricultural extension concerning climate change adaptation. The communication activities of various research and development and academic institutions such as the Araullo University, Central Luzon State University, and Central Luzon Agriculture and Aquatic Resources Research and Development Consortium also helped in educating the respondents on climate change. Drawing on from the results of this study, it is recommended that researchers should explore the effect of other factors—particularly the social and communication factors—in studying the knowledge gaps among groups of interest especially if the form of knowledge that will be tested is global in nature and one that includes technological interventions. It is also recommended among LGUs to strengthen their extension services on climate change. The study also recommends, in particular, the continuous implementation of the Farmers Field School and partnerships with.
A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF C4D MODEL IN CSR COMMUNICATION – THE AMWAY PHILIPPINES “ONE BY ONE CAMPAIGN FOR CHILDREN” CASE STUDY

( 2018-05-15) Ochoa, Michelle P.

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication happens extensively during project implementation, across various levels, and between various stakeholders. The importance of communicating the message and intention of the company is vital to the achievement of sustainable goals for individuals and communities that benefit from such initiatives. Amway Philippines' “One by One Campaign for Children” is a global campaign supporting various children’s causes worldwide. In the Philippines, the program is aimed at SDG 4, or supporting quality education through a values-laden literacy through storytelling campaign under the Department of Education’s Adopt-A-School Program (ASP). It was proven that in all locations where the Amway business operates, public school partners and students benefited from library renovations and other related support activities, which resulted in a sustainable relationship through effective communication and technology, such as email communication, social media channels, that mobilized volunteers across the organization. Morsing and Schultz (2006), noted that engagement in present times requires a more sophisticated and ongoing stakeholder awareness and more focused CSR communication strategies than previously. This solidifies the need to make a CSR communication platform as that is “sustainable” and more attuned to the needs of various stakeholders. The element of “sustainability”, makes the Amway Philippines One by One Campaign a movement to uplift the lives of its beneficiaries. The communication for development (C4D) model, allows the campaign to tap into various forms of communication, and utilize the technology that allows the implementation on a global and affiliate level. The barriers of distance and time is no longer a challenge since the messaging tools are freely utilized using email, social media channels, and the Amway web-based resources such as blogs, microsites, and websites. Feedback is gathered, and dialogues are made to open up the communication lines either personally or through technology-aided communication. With the vision to help children live better lives, Amway employees and partners donated volunteer hours. They went beyond helping schools but also communities with the commitment to become responsible for their respective areas. Thus, bringing small change to one child, one school, one community at a time. Most corporate entities perform philanthropy as an act of “giving back” to communities, sometimes with the consideration of proximity (if the area of the project is their place of business) or for any valid social cause. Katherine V. Smith, Executive Director of Boston College, in the paper Corporate Citizenship, Five Areas for Action, raised the question of whether corporations are doing enough to create the kind of communities they intend to do business in, and, moreover, a world that people would like to live in, maybe since CSR is constantly hounded with the double standard of being a business instrument, more than a tool for social change. However, this study would like to focus more on the positive benefits to society that such collective corporate initiatives can derive. For a moment, keep an open mind on the negative ones like corruption, and personal gains without being judgmental. Instead, the researcher would like to illustrate how change and development may be gained through effective CSR communication. As of 2015 data, the private sector's contribution to education support projects, combining infrastructure and non-infrastructure projects, amounts to about 6 billion pesos, which is outside of the Department of Education Budget (sourced from a direct interview of ASP partners, 2016). Such donations and pledges gave way to achieving quality education in the Philippines amidst the government's budget gap. In the Philippines, where most of the places where Amway conducts its CSR campaign are separated by geographical barriers, technology has helped bridge the communication gap. Various teams were provided with the same communication kits during specific projects under the literacy campaign. They were given the same budget allocation as their counterparts from their headquarters in Manila. One message works for all beneficiary schools in different communities. It is all aimed at a single objective of providing these schools with resources under the literacy campaign that was launched in 2004. Through a recently conducted FGD in 2016 and a survey in 2017, the researcher gathered insights as to how effective the communicated message of companies like Amway Philippines, through their CSR projects under the One by One Campaign for Children, drew action that has stirred positive change and brought development in the communities where they operate. A measurement of whether the local campaign was communicated effectively and if the key message is aligned with the company’s values (of Helping People Live Better Lives) is also discussed with volunteer employees. It also aims to measure the level of confidence (behavioral factors and behavioral changes like having ownership of their community activities) of the volunteer in the campaign projects. Amway uses the C4D model of communication. As a result, six schools benefited, and several communities responded to it as a collective action of participants, as evidenced in the annual run activity. This only proves that CSR, if at all construed as a marketing approach, is “marketing with a soul”, that is - one that at least addresses a societal concern. Erstwhile, the fuel that makes CSR work is communication, and its by-product is ultimately- the development of individuals and society. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, information communication technologies for development, ICT4D, CSR, social marketing, social mobilization, CSR for development
A Descriptive Analysis of C4D Model in CSR Communication – The Amway Philippines “One by One Campaign for Children” Case Study

( 2018-05-15) Michelle Punongbayan Ochoa

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) communication happens extensively during project implementation, across various levels, and between various stakeholders. The importance of communicating the message and intention of the company is vital to the achievement of sustainable goals for individuals and communities that benefit from such initiatives. Amway Philippines' “One by One Campaign for Children” is a global campaign supporting various children’s causes worldwide. In the Philippines, the program is aimed at SDG 4, or supporting quality education through a values-laden literacy through storytelling campaign under the Department of Education’s Adopt-A-School Program (ASP). It was proven that in all locations where the Amway business operates, public school partners and students benefited from library renovations and other related support activities, which resulted in a sustainable relationship through effective communication and technology, such as email communication, social media channels, that mobilized volunteers across the organization. Morsing and Schultz (2006), noted that engagement in present times requires a more sophisticated and ongoing stakeholder awareness and more focused CSR communication strategies than previously. This solidifies the need to make a CSR communication platform as that is “sustainable” and more attuned to the needs of various stakeholders. The element of “sustainability”, makes the Amway Philippines One by One Campaign a movement to uplift the lives of its beneficiaries. The communication fordevelopment (C4D) model, allows the campaign to tap into various forms of communication, and utilize the technology that allows the implementation on a global andaffiliate level. The barriers of distance and time is no longer a challenge since the messaging tools are freely utilized using email, social media channels, and the Amway web-based resources such as blogs, microsites, and websites. Feedback is gathered, and dialogues are made to open up the communication lines either personally or throughtechnology-aided communication. With the vision to help children live better lives, Amway employees and partners donated volunteer hours. They went beyond helping schools but also communities with the commitment to become responsible for their respective areas. Thus, bringing small change to one child, one school, one community at a time. Most corporate entities perform philanthropy as an act of “giving back” to communities, sometimes with the consideration of proximity (if the area of the project is their place of business) or for any valid social cause. Katherine V. Smith, Executive Director of Boston College, in the paper Corporate Citizenship, Five Areas for Action, raised the question of whether corporations are doing enough to create the kind of communities they intend to do business in, and, moreover, a world that people would like to live in, maybe since CSR is constantly hounded with the double standard of being a business instrument, more than a tool for social change. However, this study would like to focus more on the positive benefits to society that such collective corporate initiatives can derive. For a moment, keep an open mind on the negative ones like corruption, and personal gains without being judgmental. Instead, the researcher would like to illustrate how change and development may be gained through effective CSR communication. As of 2015 data, the private sector's contribution to education support projects, combining infrastructure and non-infrastructure projects, amounts to about 6 billion pesos, which is outside of the Department of Education Budget (sourced from a direct interview of ASP partners, 2016). Such donations and pledges gave way to achieving quality education in the Philippines amidst the government's budget gap. In the Philippines, where most of the places where Amway conducts its CSR campaign are separated by geographical barriers, technology has helped bridge the communication gap. Various teams were provided with the same communication kits during specific projects under the literacy campaign. They were given the same budget allocation as their counterparts from their headquarters in Manila. One message works for all beneficiary schools in different communities. It is all aimed at a single objective of providing these schools with resources under the literacy campaign that was launched in 2004. Through a recently conducted FGD in 2016 and a survey in 2017, the researcher gathered insights as to how effective the communicated message of companies like Amway Philippines, through their CSR projects under the One by One Campaign for Children, drew action that has stirred positive change and brought development in the communities where they operate. A measurement of whether the local campaign was communicated effectively and if the key message is aligned with the company’s values (of Helping People Live Better Lives) is also discussed with volunteer employees. It also aims to measure the level of confidence (behavioral factors and behavioral changes like having ownership of their community activities) of the volunteer in the campaign projects. Amway uses the C4D model of communication. As a result, six schools benefited, and several communities responded to it as a collective action of participants, as evidenced in the annual run activity. This only proves that CSR, if at all construed as a marketing approach, is “marketing with a soul”, that is - one that at least addresses a societal concern. Erstwhile, the fuel that makes CSR work is communication, and its byproduct is ultimately- the development of individuals and society.
A Narrative of Haribon’s Online Environmental Advocacy

( 2017) Corcuera, Winnie Aurea D.

This qualitative study aims to understand the experience of Haribon Foundation, a non-government environmental organization, in using social media as a communication platform for environmentalism. It describes the mechanisms used by Haribon to make its presence felt online and investigates how environmental communication survived in an online advocacy. This study was written with a problem-solution or issue-realization sequence in six parts based on William Labov and Joshua Waletzky's natural narrative. These are abstract, orientation, complicating action, resolution, evaluation, and coda. The communication officers of Haribon were observed and interviewed for this study. Results revealed the crucial role of the communication officers as vehicles of information between Haribon and its audience. Communication officers are advantaged if they are knowledgeable about the advocacies as well as equipped with the skills in delivering these advocacies to the audience through social media. The strategies in promoting Haribon's advocacy through Facebook (FB), Twitter, and Instagram were the use of informational campaigns through creative posts, sharing trivia about specific topics, riding on popular culture, conversing with the audience, linking and tagging posts to partner international organizations, and using FB boosts and analytics. Through the communication officers' experiences, this study drafted a theoretical framework as a guide in developing a social media strategy or plan for non-government organizations of the same nature.
A Perception Study of Behavioral Change Through Communication: The Edukasyon Social Marketing and Mobilization Project

( 2017) Calayag, Roxanne

Sustainable behavioral change is a by-product of communication through action. This scenario happens when people realize the perceived benefits and values of making a change in one’s behavior, for instance, towards exercising the right of children to education. Given the power of communication as reflected in social marketing and social mobilization programs, this study aimed to analyze the perception of parents towards the potential influence of communication (through the Eduk-Aksyon Program) in insinuating sustained behavioral change. Through focused group discussions, interviews and cross-case analyses of parents who continued to send their children to school even without government reinforcement through the Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT), it was found out that Eduk-Aksyon Program led to a sustained change in behavior of parents. Change was brought about by communication – through – action – via channels including the distribution of school supplies and the realization of perceived benefits of their children’s schooling. The factors intrinsic about the Eduk-Aksyon project that parents mostly value that led them to sustained behavioral change included the distribution of school supplies, the rewards and incentives systems, and the holistic development initiated by the program both mentally and spiritually. These factors were viewed as a means to alleviate the burden from the family by shouldering a portion of the overhead expenses at school. Meanwhile, the parent’s motivations in sending their children to school would be their personal and moral obligation to provide their kids the right to education; and the vision that education is the key to escape the vicious cycle of poverty. As compelling as it sounded, the rationalized benefits from the perceived outcome of completing or graduating from school, contributed to sustained behavioral change of parents. The findings from the content analyses of the transcripts affirm what Bandura suggests – that behavioral change can be determined by an interplay of both personal motivations and external factors. In this case, the respondent’s behavior, together with their responsiveness towards gaining benefit through rewards and incentives that Eduk-Aksyon program provide, led them to have a sustained behavior. Based on these findings, it appeared that the future social marketing and social mobilization programs can be sealed and ensured if the programs offer both short-term and long-term benefits that could entice parents to be an active influencer for the kids to finish their schooling. For as long as the perceived benefits are rationalized by parents [and the perceived benefits exceeded the costs of education], social marketing and social mobilization programs such as the Eduk-Aksyon could continue to serve as communication platforms that drive behavioral change of the targeted audience which are the parents.
A Physician’s Auto-Hermeneutics of Medical Praxis: Curating Meanings and Voice Themes Using Dialogical Prism

( 2020-08-21) SIGUA, HELEN SANTIAGO

This study is an auto hermeneutic phenomenological inquiry on the lived experience of medical praxis of 40 years of a family medicine specialist. It utilized the dialogical lens to extricate the essential meanings she finds most defined in the three main dialogical landscapes of clinical, educational, and societal (administrative/advocative) she has traversed. The dialogical vertical (spiritual) and horizontal (self, others both, in actual and virtual platforms) scaffoldings were elucidated through a structured methodology of collecting self narratives, integrating, and interpreting . The resulting prism , which may be universally applied to any professional praxis, consists of curated meaning typologies : of trust-building, nurturing, redeeming, stewarding, and inspiring . These typologies are illustrated by conversational snippetsand were juxtaposed with pre-existing theories and models including most upheld Filipino cultural values. The congruence of her analyzed vertical and horizontal scaffoldings along these typologies was also a major explication of this work . Implications to professional praxis, life-long learning , and qualitative research were drawn. A reflection on the process of doing (auto)hermeneutic phenomenology as either/both personal and scholarly undertaking informs (and hopefully inspires) readers to do the same.
A Policy Study on Disaster Risk Reduction and Management in Guagua, Pampanga and the Inclusion of Persons with Disability (PWDS) in Their Disaster Plans

( 2016) Mercado, Joshua Marie G.

The study describes the current practice of risk communication, warning and response in the Municipality of Guagua, determines if its disaster risk reduction and management plan is consistent with the National Council’s standards, and identifies the gaps in knowledge, capacities, and resources that address the needs of Persons with Disability (PWDs) during disasters. The researcher used a descriptive survey research method where participants were interviewed using survey questionnaires. The main research instrument was adopted from the UNISDR 2013 Survey on Living with Disabilities and Disasters. The questions in the questionnaire were patterned after the objectives of the study. The study population consisted 244 Persons with Disability age 18 and up in Guagua, Pampanga who were randomly selected from the total list. The sample size of 244 was computed using Raosoft sample size calculator. The random numbers were generated using the random number generator in the site “randomizer.org.” The researcher was also able to interview Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction Officers, Persons with Disabilities Focal Persons and 31 barangay leaders to represent every barangay in Guagua and show unbiased interpretations in this study age of 42 and are single in status. Most of them have movement disability and could not take care of themselves. They have experienced different disasters such as storms, floods, earthquakes and volcanic eruption. They would often gather information about disasters on the television and sometimes the barangay officials would come to their homes. They have their own disaster preparedness plans but are not aware of the Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Council and there is no current protocol, guidelines and warning signals made especially for PWDs. Most of the issues encountered by the respondents are the lack of information, having no space in the evacuation centers and not receiving any relief goods. They are also asking for financial and medical assistance aside from the assistance during disasters and food. On the other hand, the barangay officials and Municipal Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office does not have enough knowledge, resources and capacities in handling Persons with Disability during a disaster.
A Semiotic Analysis Of Senior High School Students' Perception On Covid-19 Infographics In Calbayog City, Samar

( 2023) Guanzon, Greta Glory B.

Since 1918, infographics have been used to communicate health and safety measures. They contain text, images and other signs that provide information to people reminding them to wear face masks, sanitize their hands and observe social distancing. While many studies were undertaken to analyze the content and context of various infographics as perceived by young people, this study specifically discussed the meaning of COVID-19 infographics as perceived by Senior High students and analyzed their perceptions vis-à-vis Roland Barthes’ theory on myth and connotation. Using the mixed method, the quantitative research design was employed to tabulate the participants’ profile, as well as the frequency, ratio and rank of their responses. On the other hand, the qualitative methods, specifically thematic and semiotic analysis were utilized to explain their perceptions and interpretations, the corresponding semiotic levels and the factors that prompted them to make inferences. Results show that participants construct denotative and connotative meanings through their literal understanding of the infographics’ verbal and non-verbal signs and the associated meanings of the signs with the participants’ past experiences, present circumstances, and other biases. Result reveal that the participants’ perception and interpretation are aligned with the intention of the producer of the signs. It is evident that the signs were effectively used to communicate its message allowing participants to acquire meaningful information and abide by the health and safety measures in school. Thus, this research also recommended relevant text and visual design principles to media content producers useful in the construction of infographics in various contexts.
A Sociocultural Study on Cultural Heritage Conservation: Communicative Performances in a Heritage Community

( 2017-09-19) Catiling, Alice F.

This research was premised within the socio-cultural tradition of communication theory which subscribed to the contention that communication is the manner by which a community expresses itself by sharing the symbolic values or meanings attached to activities or artifacts which are articulated between individuals and among community members, which to them is reality. Further, that the process of reproducing this reality is determined by its communicative performance which are found in the practices or artifacts themselves. Thus, the research question – what are the communicative performances for cultural heritage conservation in a community. The main object was to explain cultural heritage conservation using the socio-cultural tradition of communication theory. Specifically, it aimed to capture how the heritage community views cultural heritage conservation; to identify and document cultural practices for cultural heritage conservation, and to surface existing communicative performances for cultural heritage conservation in a community. Qualitative research using the ethnographic method was employed to discover what communicative performances were used for cultural heritage conservation in one of the municipalities in the cordilleras of the Philippines. This researcher is part of the heritage community and used the Focus Group Discussion heritage community, representatives. The study used open coding to present the data which were mostly descriptive. Close coding was used in the conclusion. A letter of request to conduct the FGD and letter of consent of participant were accomplished. The views of the HCRs on cultural heritage conservation reflected their desires to preserve and share cultural knowledge, customs, and traditions, and practices to the conservation in the community spontaneously birthed the emergence of three (3) cultural practices namely: the “Gotad”, the Open-Air Museum (OAM), and the Ifugao Indigenous Peoples Education Center and Heritage Galleries (IPEDC-HG) which focused on the preservation of the tangible and intangible aspects of the Ifugao culture. The communicative performances surfaced in the process of sharing cultural conservation practices used indigenous and exogenous forms of communication to reproduce the Ifugao culture. These ranged from the use of folk media, intentional/deliberate instruction, keeping written records, unstructured channels like a discussion at home and other, to the use of the internet and social media. True to the socio-cultural tradition of communication theory, the communicative performances identified in this study reproduced the reality of Ifugao culture within the ambit of a community that was obviously in the stage of diminishing cultural customs, traditions and practices. Such communicative performances were local innovations that created an ingenious and novel way of sharing and experiencing cultural heritage.
A Study of the Communication Strategy Employed by MDF in the Implementation of Community Mortgage Program

( 2003) Cadorna, Noel A.

This study sought to examine the communication strategy employed by Muntinlupa Development Foundation (MDF) in implementing Community Mortgage Program (CMP). Specifically, the study aimed to: 1) determine the effectiveness of the communication strategy, as viewed by the CMP beneficiaries; 2) determine the level of exposure of CMP beneficiaries to the communication strategy employed in implementing CMP; 3) determine the communication method/s preferred by the CMP beneficiaries; and 4) find out what factors might have influenced CMP beneficiaries’ preference for communication method/s. Systematic random sampling was used in selecting the respondents for the study. They were chosen from the list of CMP beneficiaries per Community Association (CA), with names arranged in alphabetical order. A one-shot survey was employed on respondents representing a cross-section of the 427 CMP beneficiaries from the three Cas assisted by MDF, all located in the City of Muntinlupa. Respondents were individually interviews using the interview schedule. Information from the survey of CMP beneficiaries was supplemented by focus group discussions with MDF technical staff and the review of secondary sources. Results of the study revealed that MDF information dissemination activities on CMP were not regarded as separate communication strategy in the implementation of the program. It was part of the community organizing effort of MDF under its Community Building Program (CBP). All of the CMP beneficiaries were not involved in the design of the communication strategy nor in the formulation of message content, methods, and strategy. Exposure of CMP beneficiaries to the communication strategy was often limited to individual involvement as participants in information dissemination activities; however, a few served as facilitators. Their assessment of MDF’s communication strategy, in general, was favorable. Majority of the respondents found such strategy effective and the competence level of MDF technical staff very good. All the respondents were familiar with CMP – its basic features, documentary requirements, program activities, and guidelines. This could have been due to the fact that all of them were CMP beneficiaries. Respondent favored interpersonal communication more than the mass media as sources of information on CMP. Small group discussion, assembly meeting, and one-on-one discussion were popular choices. The respondents based their preferences on the following considerations: usefulness; cost effectiveness; practically; accessibility; and relevance. Pamphlets and posters were the preferred media under mass category and considered the best communication support to reinforce face-to-face approaches. Factors such as age, sex, civil status, educational attainment, occupation and employment status, family income, prior knowledge on CMP, and ownership of housing structure did not appear to have influenced respondents’ preference for communication methods to be used for CMP.
A Study on the Extent of Client Satisfaction on the Computerized Driver’s License Processing

( 2005) Herrera, Maria Teresa O.

This study is about the extent of client satisfaction on the computerized driver’s license processing. It aims to determine the attitude and extent of satisfaction among Land Transportation Office (LTO) clients on the computerized driver’s license processing, and whether demographic variables, such as age, gender and level of education affect their overall satisfaction on LTO’s service delivery. This study is a descriptive research that focuses on the perception and attitudes of LTO clients towards the computerized driver’s license processing. It tries to find a match between the supposed benefits of computerization on the one hand – specifically on service delivery – and client perception and satisfaction on the other. To administer the study, the researcher used the survey research design. The survey also made use of both quantitative and qualitative approaches in the conduct of the research and in coming up with an assessment on whether or not the computerization of LTO processes meets the expectations of its supposed beneficiaries. Several statistical tools were employed in the analysis and interpretation of data that were gathered through the survey – such as frequencies, percentages (cumulative and percentage distributions), mean, media, mode and cross tabulation or bivariate tables and Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient Test. On the other hand, qualitative data were gathered through interviews and consultations with Ms. Ma. Lourdes Sotto, Information Officer of Stradcom Corporation. The LTO-IT (information technology) project is the country’s first government IT project to be implemented under the Build-Operate-Own (BOO) Scheme, pursuant to Republic Act No. 6957, as amended by Republic Act No. 7718, otherwise known as the Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) Law. Under this arrangement, Stradcom Corporation, the private company to whom the project was awarded after public bidding, shall fund the PhP3.4-billion project. Stradcom will finance, construct, operate, own and maintain the IT restructure for LTO for 10 years, with project cost to be recovered from IT-based service fees collected for the use of the IT facilities. The LTO-IT Project aims to interconnect LTO offices nationwide, automate and integrate its critical business processes, and enable online and real-time processing of transactions. It seeks to inform LTO into a modernized agency that provides much-improved public service and promotes good governance. The study found out that albeit the modernization efforts of the LTO, its clientele still feel and see that the accuracy and efficiency that the agency promised to its clientele is far from what the agency promised. Clearly revealed in the study is the level of overall dissatisfaction of the stakeholders in terms of speed, cost and convenience. The respondents hardly notice the development on the manner by which businesses are handled: waiting time still takes hours; the expense is not proportioned to the kind of service; and fixers are still very much around. The study suggested several steps on which the LTO could improve its services in terms of driver’s licenses process to make a substantial impact, like the proponents of the project revisiting the existing processes and identify gaps between what was projected and the actual circumstance, the ability of the frontline and main users to adapt to change, the proponents to look beyond computers and carefully consider the needs of its stakeholders. The study also recommended that application and renewal of driver’s license be done through e-mail/computer. Networking LTO’s system to the National Statistics Office and other law enforcement bureaus (Philippine National Police Traffic Management Center, Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, etc.) for verification and validation could ease waiting and eliminate fixers. In terms of the effectiveness and rationality of the LTO requirements (medical examination and drug testing), it is recommended that the requirements be reviewed and measures to address the issue on requirements have to be instituted. Random drug testing is likewise advised to eliminate drivers staying clean only on the dew months prior to their renewal/application of driver’s license. Also, the study recommended that more studies on government computerization be conducted since such studies would still be very useful in evaluating the value and worth of ICT, and in assessing the highly celebrated role of ICT in governance. Demographic characteristics and their skills and practices in sugarcane production before and after OPSI; (4) Determine the level of effectiveness of OPSI in facilitating information sharing among the participants’ skills and practices in sugarcane production; (5) Determine the level of effectiveness of OPSI in facilitating information re-use relationship between the level of information sharing and level of information re-use of sugarcane production techniques; (6) Determine the relationship between the participants’ skills and practices and the level of information re-use in sugarcane production techniques; and (8) Find out the participants’ level of dependence on OPSI as a learning tool. The study used the After-only Survey research design. Using the purposive and stratified sampling, 100 respondents were chosen from OPSI participants of 2001-2005 in Negros Occidental. A 5-part post intervention questionnaire either in English or Ilonggo version was used to gather the needed data. Analysis showed that respondents were mostly male, married, catholic, in average age (43.8 years old), either college graduates or did not finish at all, had shorter farming experience and were managing a small area of land. Most respondents were updated in skills and practices in sugarcane production techniques before OPSI but more applied the recommended technology after the training. The respondents were still dependent on OPSI in facilitating the learning process though there were significant relationships between socio-demographic characteristics and several skills and practices in sugarcane production.
A Survey of the Perception of Selected National Computer Center Employees on Electronic Government

( 2005) Tirazona, Lenny G.

This study is about the perception of electronic government by the employees of the National Computer Center (NCC). It aims to determine the level of awareness of NCC employees about e-Government, and whether demographic variables, such as age, gender and level of education affect their views about e-Government. The study also seeks to find out if the respondents have a positive or negative view of e-Government. Through the results of the study, the researcher hopes to contribute to the limited body of knowledge on how e-Governance is being perceive by the public, particularly by government employees. To administer the study, the researcher’ used the survey research design, particularly the cross-sectional survey as the method of study. The study also made use of the questionnaire as a research instrument, as well as quantitative analysis through statistical tools like percentages. Inferential statistics was additionally employed to make observations about government employees’ perception of e-Governance. The rise of information and communications technology (ICT) paved the way to e-Government, making governments more effective, efficient and transparent, lessening the bureaucracy and providing citizens with better services. The Philippine government has many noteworthy e-Government projects, like the National Statistics Office IT Project, the National Bureau of Investigations’ Online Clearance Kiosks, the Machine Readable Passports and Visas Project by the Department of Foreign Affairs. The Government Information System Plan (GISP) was drafter to serve as the blueprint for the computerization of the government. However, despite the notable efforts, majority of the public is not aware of the e-Government efforts, what it is all about, and most importantly, how they can benefit from it. As the lead agency in government, NCC plays a pivotal role in promoting computerization. NCC employees are the respondents of the study because they have a solid experience in ICT in government, dating back to its creation in 1971. Among all government entities, the technical expertise of NCC is needed in realizing e-Government. It is therefore important to gauge their level of awareness because they will be orchestrating the diffusion of ICT in government. Knowing their level of awareness will also help government planners assess what kind of advocacy or information campaigns to launch to raise the general awareness on e-Government among the general public, The study found out that NCC employees are exploring the Internet in large numbers, showing a growing online sophistication as evidenced by the various Internet activities, like researching, sending e-mail, sharing files, and even buying online NCC employees are also using and appreciating e-Government services offered by government. Clearly revealed in the study is that the respondents believe that e-Government will vastly improve the way the government operates. However, they also feel that the budget crisis may slow down the development of e-Government. They also thing that security issues must be resolved for e-Government to flourish. Aside from lack of financial resources and security issues, there is also concern about lack of political leadership and will. Despite these concerns however, NCC employee’s confidence on the government’s ability to implement e-Government. They think that e-Government is achievable. The study also revealed that demographic variables like age, gender, level of education, years of service and others, have no significant effect on their view of e-Government. The study recommended several policies for e-government to make a substantial impact, like the interconnection of government networks, a policy for government agencies to outsource their ICT requirements to the private sector, and enjoining government agencies to deliver information and services through the government portal. Other policy recommendations are delivery of information and services through mobile technology, the adaptation of a national ID system, and the establishment of community e-Centers nationwide. To complement this study, the researcher also recommends that a study on the effectiveness of government efforts to advocate and propagate e-Government among the public sector employees be conducted. Another study on the impact of e-Government on public sector employees is also recommended.
A Unicorn Amongst A Field of Horses: An Autoethnography of Sexual Orientation Microaggressions in the Workplace

( 2023-06-26) Limpiada, Abraham C

Despite the societal changes and growing acceptance of the LGBTQ community, discrimination persists, both in overt and subtle forms. The study focuses on the subtle form of discrimination and microaggressions in the workplace against members of the LGBTQ, and how these shaped my experiences and communication behaviors as a Filipino LGBTQ individual. I used autoethnography and symbolic interactionism to examine my experiences with microaggressions from 2013 to 2019 after disclosing my sexual orientation at work. I explored how microaggressions shaped how I disclosed personal information and how I interacted and communicated at work. Specifically, I documented (1) the microaggressions I experienced after my self-disclosure, (2) my interactions after self-disclosure; and (3) how I communicated to resolve the microaggressions. I experienced verbal and non-verbal forms of microaggressions after disclosing my sexual orientation to my co-workers. To cope with these repeated microaggressions, I ignored or tolerated my coworkers' behavior and became withdrawn from them. However, this approach created a communication gap and was perceived negatively by my coworkers. To resolve the microaggressions, I opened a non-confrontational discussion I termed as ‘pagpapaunawa’ with my coworkers and ‘educated’ them about the impact of their words and actions. This approach improved my relationships with my coworkers and emphasized the importance of communication in resolving microaggressions.
ACCOMPLISHMENT OF INTERORGANIZATIONAL COLLABORATION: AN ETHNOMETHODOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE COMMUNICATIVE PRACTICES OF AN INTERNATIONAL BODY

( 2023-08-15) BRAVO, MA. VICTORIA D.

This study looks into the communicative practices of an international body in the accomplishment of interorganizational collaboration or IOC. It aligns with the Montreal School of the communicative constitution of organization or CCO approach, wherein conversations reflect the collective experience of individual members and become authored into text that shapes the collective organization. An ethnomethodological approach was used in carrying out the data collection and analysis. This includes transcribing and coding conversations from meeting workshops of a consortium established by the Southeast Asian Regional Center for Graduate Study and Research in Agriculture (SEARCA). Results from this study show that contextualizing, consensus building, and confirming commitment (3Cs) are accomplished through communicative practices. These 3Cs constitute IOC through co-orientation and formation of authoritative text. The 3Cs demonstrate an authoritative text that enables individual members of an interorganizational network to act in consonance as a collective organization. This study also explains how the 3Cs could help gain a better appreciation for communication as well as recommendations for future research.
Agroenterprise Communicative Practices: An Ethnomethodological Study of Enterprise Engagement of Rice Farmers in Midsayap, Cotabato

( 2021-06-07) Quiring, Sylvia Therese C.

This is a study on the worldview of rice farmers on agroenterprise, and their communicative practices. Using qualitative methodology, I analyzed empirical data from rice-based agroenterprise engaged farmers to answer the following research questions: What is the view of the farmers on agroenterprise, and How does their view define their communicative practices as entrepreneurs. Ethnomethodology was chosen as the research framework of this study for its ability to examine the contextual use or conduct of mundane activities enabling researchers to have specified data on practice. Though this specified ability of ethnomethodology may limit the application of the findings, it could be compensated for its capacity to observe and retrieve knowledge and skills in day-to-day activities. I found out that the rice farmers see their agroenterprise venture as an advanced farming activity, and this advanced farming activity is communicated through their three main practices of Financial preparedness and acumen developed; Farming practices enhanced, and Filial obligations accomplished. Financial preparedness and acumen developed is broken down into Saving is essential, Farm diversification for multiple sources of income, and Practical entrepreneurial knowledge and skills are used. While Farming practices enhanced is further defined by the rice farmers as Recordkeeping improved farm management, and Appropriate farming technologies are applied. As an advanced farming activity, these agroenterprise communicative practices are the necessities by which other rice farmers may need to accomplish to engage in entrepreneurial activities. Based on the findings of this study, I came up with methodological and practical recommendations on the implementation and conduct of agroenterprise-based extension initiatives.
"All we need is love": The Influence of Humanized Communication to Selected Adult Quezon City Residents in Adopting Preventive Measures against COVID-19

( 2024) Librado, China Ruth A.

This study highlighted the principle of humanized communication through storytelling as a strategy in influencing the intention of selected adult audiences from Quezon City, Philippines in adopting preventive measures against COVID-19. Using the the concept of theory of reasoned action as a framework, the proponents (Fishbein & Ajzen) include two variables that influence the intention of an individual to adopt behavior; the attitude towards a behavior and subjective norm. The theory concludes that an individual with higher positive attitude towards a behavior and subjective norm, the likelihood to adopt the behavior increases as well. In this study, the researcher introduced humanized communication as a factor that positively influences the intention to adopt a behavior. Measured through the following variables: (1) If it touches emotion, (2) if it evokes empathy, and (3) if it inspires action. Using Spearman's rank correlation test, it measured the association between the factors of humanized communication and preventive measures compliance against COVID-19 from 278 selected adults from Quezon City. For the reliability of the test, Cronbach's Alpha was employed. Results showed that the advertisement campaign which uses a humanized communication strategy was able to tap emotion, evokes empathy and inspire action has a positive correlation to influence the individual's intention to adopt the preventive measures against COVID-19. Hence, health communcation experts may consider humanized communication through storytelling technique as a factor that can be maximized in crafting effective health advertisement campaign.
An Assessment of DA-7 Radio Farm Program as Perceived by Selected Farmer-Listeners of Bunga, Toledo City

( 2005) Ibarra, Melquiades B.

The radio farm program of the Department of Agriculture-7 had been employed as a communication strategy in the transfer of agricultural technology. It was designed to teach the farmer-listeners, using radio, the agricultural technologies which can help them increase their farm production and income. The study aimed to assess the radio farm program of the DA-7 over DyMR as perceived by its farmer-listeners of Bunga, Toledo City, during calendar year 2005. Specifically, the study sought to: 1) determine the demographic and socio-economic profile of the farmer-listeners; 2) determine the farmer-listeners' level of skills acquired as to knowledge, attitude, and practice; 3) assess whether the program answer the needs of the farmer-listeners in increasing farm productivity; 4) find out the technology adopted by the farmer-listeners; 5) determine the extent of perceptions of farmer-listeners along, intent to continue listening the program, consideration of the radio farm program in deciding on agricultural production activities, frequency of listening, and overall perception of the program; and 6) find out the problems encountered by the farmer-listeners relative to program listening. The survey research design was used in the study. The researcher-made questionnaire was primarily used in gathering the primary data. The survey instrument was personally conducted by the researcher to the selected farmer-listeners of Bunga, Toledo City, Cebu.
Analysis of the PARDC Feedback Gathering Method for Field Testing of MAT DEV Prototypes: The Case of the Meal, Ready-To-Eat Ration

( 2002) Dayao, Sylvia A.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the feedback gathering method among the end users of Materiel Development (Mat Dev) prototypes developed by the Philippine Army Research and Development Center (PARCDC). The resources of the PARDC allocated for field test questionnaire administration were also assessed. These were done to come up with recommendations on how the feedback gathering method can be improved. It tackled the case of the MRE toppings style prototypes distributed to the 2nd Infantry Division, Philippine Army. The survey employed three methods for data gathering: documentary analysis, personal interview, and survey questionnaire. Documentary analysis involved the examination of reports, logbooks and clearing instruments of the Supply Accountable Officers (SAO). The interview was concluded among researchers of PARDC and the SAO of the various offices concerned in the distribution of prototypes. An interview schedule was used to gather information on how the SAO implemented the transfer of the prototypes from PARDC to the end users. A survey using self-administered questionnaire was done to field test participants purposively chosen by the researcher to find out their comments and preference on how their feedback should be gathered. The finding of the study revealed that the PARDC feedback gathering method was too circuitous. The process passed through several layers of offices such that the time consumed in the distribution and collection of questionnaires was considerably long. Respondents preferred personal interviews than self-administered questionnaires. The resources allocated for the field test was also inadequate. All these contributed to the low turnover of field test questionnaires. Based on the findings, it is recommended that other more effective and efficient ways must be employed to improve the PARDC feedback gathering method. Since the results of the study indicate that almost all the respondents wished to talk with the researcher than answer a questionnaire, then the instrument might have to be changed from a self-administered questionnaire to an interview schedule or focus group discussion. The latter may be the best alternative as it can respond to the respondents’ desire for a more interpersonal discussion and it would entail lesser cost than interview schedule.
Artscience Thinking for the Global South

( 2022-02-22) Maranan, Diego S.

Pluridisciplinary practices that span art and science are well-known in Western research and creative communities. Some of the most interesting and significant of these works confront audiences with deep questions about "life, the universe, and everything” (with apologies to Douglas Adams). But in the Global South—where addressing basic human needs, achieving economic and political security, and adapting to the unfolding climate crisis—are widely regarded as priorities, is there even space or time for the same? Using recent artscience research and creative projects I have been involved in, I argue that despite—or indeed because—of the challenges confronting the Global South, research, practice, and education on the intersections of the arts and the sciences is more necessary than ever.

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